{"id":212,"date":"2018-01-15T22:57:12","date_gmt":"2018-01-15T19:57:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/metallsmaster.ru\/?p=212"},"modified":"2020-11-02T11:51:16","modified_gmt":"2020-11-02T08:51:16","slug":"stykovaya-svarka-detalej-bez-oplavleniya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/es\/soldadura-a-tope-de-piezas-sin-calentamiento\/","title":{"rendered":"Soldadura a tope de piezas sin fusi\u00f3n"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Proceso de soldadura <strong>sin derretirse <\/strong>Es uno de los m\u00e9todos de soldadura a tope. Pertenece a la categor\u00eda de soldadura a presi\u00f3n. El m\u00e9todo de soldadura se basa en <strong>sin derretirse <\/strong>Se incorpora el efecto t\u00e9rmico de la corriente el\u00e9ctrica, basado en la ley de Joule-Lenz, y la posterior compresi\u00f3n de las piezas soldadas. El \u00e1rea de secci\u00f3n transversal de las piezas soldadas de este modo alcanza los 200 mm.<sup>2<\/sup> Se utiliza para unir alambres, tubos de acero de bajo carbono de secci\u00f3n peque\u00f1a y varillas. Este tipo de soldadura es ideal para aceros estructurales de baja aleaci\u00f3n y aceros de bajo carbono. Soldadura por contacto. <strong>sin derretirse <\/strong>Se utiliza con \u00e9xito para aleaciones de cobre y aluminio, lo que le confiere a este m\u00e9todo una amplia gama de aplicaciones.<\/p>\n<h2>M\u00e9todo de soldadura de juntas a tope<\/h2>\n\n\t<!--<div class='top-banner-pages'>\t\n\n\t<\/div>--->\n\t\n<p>Diferentes C<strong>m\u00e9todo de soldadura de juntas a tope\u00a0<\/strong>Dos m\u00e9todos permiten el proceso tecnol\u00f3gico de soldadura de metales resistente y de alta calidad. Uno es el m\u00e9todo de fusi\u00f3n y el otro es el de no fusi\u00f3n. La soldadura sin fusi\u00f3n, tambi\u00e9n conocida como soldadura por resistencia, implica calentar intensamente la pieza de trabajo y luego presionarla, a la vez que se corta la corriente. <strong>CON<\/strong><strong>m\u00e9todo de soldadura de juntas a tope\u00a0<\/strong>El m\u00e9todo de resistencia (sin fusi\u00f3n) incluye pasos secuenciales de preparaci\u00f3n de piezas y uni\u00f3n de las mismas:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Para garantizar una soldadura exitosa, la superficie a unir debe limpiarse completamente de suciedad y oxidaci\u00f3n. Es necesario eliminar cualquier imperfecci\u00f3n o rugosidad superficial, ya que esto impedir\u00e1 un calentamiento uniforme. La limpieza es especialmente importante si la superficie es extensa. Si los extremos no est\u00e1n bien sellados, se producir\u00e1 oxidaci\u00f3n del metal en la superficie de la uni\u00f3n.<\/li>\n<li>Las piezas se colocan en pinzas de electrodo y se comprimen. La fuerza de compresi\u00f3n es significativamente mayor que en la soldadura por fusi\u00f3n. Esto garantiza un calentamiento superficial \u00f3ptimo.<\/li>\n<li>Se hace pasar una corriente el\u00e9ctrica a trav\u00e9s del metal, lo que provoca una r\u00e1pida generaci\u00f3n de calor en los extremos de las piezas. Se produce deformaci\u00f3n pl\u00e1stica y aumenta el \u00e1rea de contacto el\u00e9ctrico. Como resultado, la resistencia total se reduce a cero. El metal se calienta a una temperatura de 0,8-0,9 T p.l. (T p.l. es el punto de fusi\u00f3n del metal). A esta temperatura, se forman \u00f3xidos en la superficie del metal s\u00f3lido. La extrusi\u00f3n de \u00f3xido no se completa;<\/li>\n<li>Comienza el recalcado actual, es decir, el metal es exprimido fuera de la junta;<\/li>\n<li>A continuaci\u00f3n, se realiza el recalcado sin corriente. La presi\u00f3n puede aumentar o mantenerse igual a la presi\u00f3n de calentamiento, seg\u00fan el tipo de metal. El recalcado debe tener un tama\u00f1o \u00f3ptimo y estar localizado en la zona de la uni\u00f3n, lo que permite la expulsi\u00f3n del metal sobrecalentado y los \u00f3xidos. Se forma una rebaba alrededor de la uni\u00f3n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\n<!---<div class='top-banner-pages'>\n\n<\/div>-->\n\n\t<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>M\u00e9todo de soldadura de juntas a tope <\/strong>Se diferencian en que la presi\u00f3n es el factor principal en la formaci\u00f3n de enlaces met\u00e1licos en una uni\u00f3n soldada. El proceso de fusi\u00f3n del metal promueve su recristalizaci\u00f3n en la uni\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<h3>Soldadura a tope por contacto GOST<\/h3>\n<p>La estandarizaci\u00f3n define las condiciones para la realizaci\u00f3n de trabajos de soldadura por el m\u00e9todo de soldadura a tope con resistencia y fusi\u00f3n.<strong>Soldadura a tope por contacto OST\u00a0<\/strong>Especifica definiciones y t\u00e9rminos seg\u00fan las normas ISO 15607 e ISO 6520-2. Las especificaciones preliminares para el proceso de soldadura a tope se desarrollar\u00e1n de acuerdo con la norma ISO 15609-5.<strong>Soldadura a tope por contacto OST<\/strong>\u00a0Tiene sus propios requisitos para las pruebas de soldadura. La certificaci\u00f3n de los ajustadores de soldadura por resistencia cumple con la norma GOST EN 1418. La norma actual contiene requisitos para el proceso de soldadura por resistencia de acuerdo con la norma ISO 4063. <strong>GRAMO<\/strong><strong>Soldadura a tope por contacto OST\u00a0<\/strong>R ISO 15614-13 y GOST R ISO 15614-14 tienen una serie de referencias normativas a est\u00e1ndares internacionales para operaciones de soldadura a tope.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-214 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/stykovaja.webp\" alt=\"M\u00e9todos de soldadura de juntas a tope\" width=\"500\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/stykovaja.webp 500w, https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/stykovaja-300x180.webp 300w, https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/stykovaja-254x152.webp 254w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-213 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/1345549438_untitled.fr11-1.webp\" alt=\"Soldadura a tope de piezas sin fusi\u00f3n\" width=\"338\" height=\"315\" srcset=\"https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/1345549438_untitled.fr11-1.webp 338w, https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/1345549438_untitled.fr11-1-300x280.webp 300w, https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/1345549438_untitled.fr11-1-204x190.webp 204w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 338px) 100vw, 338px\" \/><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>El proceso de soldadura a tope sin rebaba es un tipo de soldadura a tope por resistencia. Se clasifica como\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":214,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-212","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-svarka-metallov"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.1.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u0432\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u044b\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043e\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u044b\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" 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