{"id":872,"date":"2019-04-20T13:59:44","date_gmt":"2019-04-20T10:59:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/metallsmaster.ru\/?p=872"},"modified":"2020-11-02T09:57:59","modified_gmt":"2020-11-02T06:57:59","slug":"rodij","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/es\/rodij\/","title":{"rendered":"Rodio: qu\u00e9 tipo de metal es, sus cualidades, propiedades y caracter\u00edsticas"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>El rodio es una sustancia simple, un metal de transici\u00f3n s\u00f3lido, lo que significa que sus niveles de energ\u00eda electr\u00f3nica disponibles est\u00e1n ocupados de tal manera que la banda d tiene el menor n\u00famero posible de electrones, 10 por \u00e1tomo. Es de color blanco plateado y pertenece al grupo del platino, un grupo de metales nobles.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-873 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/\u0420\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0439-\u0441\u0445\u043c\u0430.jpg\" alt=\"Diagrama de rodio\" width=\"343\" height=\"147\" srcset=\"https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/\u0420\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0439-\u0441\u0445\u043c\u0430.jpg 343w, https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/\u0420\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0439-\u0441\u0445\u043c\u0430-300x129.jpg 300w, https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/\u0420\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0439-\u0441\u0445\u043c\u0430-254x109.jpg 254w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 343px) 100vw, 343px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>El rodio es un elemento minoritario del octavo grupo del quinto per\u00edodo de la tabla de elementos qu\u00edmicos de Mendel\u00e9yev. Este metal fue descubierto hace relativamente poco tiempo, en 1803, por William Wollaston en una mina mientras trabajaba con platino nativo. El rodio es un elemento muy raro y disperso; su abundancia es bastante alta en rocas \u00edgneas ultram\u00e1ficas. No existe como mineral terrestre espec\u00edfico. El rodio se encuentra en las arenas aur\u00edferas de Sudam\u00e9rica, as\u00ed como en menas de platino y n\u00edquel, que se encuentran all\u00ed como un solo compuesto.<\/p>\n\n\t<!--<div class='top-banner-pages'>\t\n\n\t<\/div>--->\n\t\n<h2>Propiedades del rodio<\/h2>\n<p>El rodio posee excelentes propiedades para ser un metal con una amplia gama de aplicaciones. Entre sus propiedades f\u00edsicas, destaca su alta reflectividad de la radiaci\u00f3n electromagn\u00e9tica visible. Esto permite su uso en la fabricaci\u00f3n de los llamados espejos de superficie. Su densidad es de 12,41 g\/cm\u00b3. Debido a su alta densidad, presenta un punto de fusi\u00f3n elevado de 2239 K y un punto de ebullici\u00f3n de 4000 K.<\/p>\n<p>En cuanto a sus propiedades qu\u00edmicas, el metal noble rodio supera ampliamente al platino. El rodio met\u00e1lico se disuelve en agua regia al hervir, en \u00e1cido sulf\u00farico concentrado a temperatura suficiente y en una mezcla de \u00e1cido sulf\u00farico y per\u00f3xido de hidr\u00f3geno. El rodio es muy estable qu\u00edmicamente. Reacciona con no metales al rojo vivo. La oxidaci\u00f3n lenta del rodio finamente molido ocurre a temperaturas superiores a 6000 \u00b0C. La reacci\u00f3n con \u00e1cido sulf\u00farico concentrado ocurre al calentarlo lentamente y con una soluci\u00f3n de hidr\u00f3geno e hipoclorito de sodio.<\/p>\n\n<!---<div class='top-banner-pages'>\n\n<\/div>-->\n\n\t\n<h3>Rodio met\u00e1lico, sus propiedades, caracter\u00edsticas y composici\u00f3n<\/h3>\n<p>El rodio met\u00e1lico act\u00faa como un excelente catalizador, por ejemplo, en los convertidores catal\u00edticos utilizados en los sistemas de escape de los autom\u00f3viles. Adem\u00e1s, una aleaci\u00f3n de rodio y platino es un excelente catalizador para la producci\u00f3n de \u00e1cido n\u00edtrico mediante la oxidaci\u00f3n del amon\u00edaco con aire.<\/p>\n<p>El rodio es un excelente material estructural, utilizado con \u00e9xito en la producci\u00f3n de vidrio. En concreto, la aleaci\u00f3n de platino y rodio se utiliza como hilera para filamentos de vidrio en pantallas de cristal l\u00edquido. El rodio met\u00e1lico se utiliza para producir espejos sometidos a altas temperaturas para sistemas l\u00e1ser de alta potencia. Los crisoles de aleaciones de platino y rodio se utilizan para el crecimiento de ciertas piedras preciosas y cristales electro\u00f3pticos. La alta resistencia del rodio a la erosi\u00f3n el\u00e9ctrica permite su uso como material de contacto (conectores, contactos deslizantes).<\/p>\n<p>El rodio desempe\u00f1a un papel vital en la industria nuclear, donde se utiliza para fabricar detectores que miden el flujo de neutrones. El rodio tambi\u00e9n luce precioso en joyer\u00eda. Su brillo blanco fr\u00edo complementa a los diamantes, la circonita c\u00fabica y otras piedras. Tambi\u00e9n sirve como un valioso elemento de aleaci\u00f3n, endureciendo las aleaciones, reduciendo el desgaste y aportando un brillo radiante. La importancia del rodio es significativa en muchos \u00e1mbitos.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>El rodio es una sustancia simple, un metal de transici\u00f3n s\u00f3lido, lo que significa que tiene energ\u00eda electr\u00f3nica accesible\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":874,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-872","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blagorodnye-metally"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.1.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0424\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u044f. \u0421\u0444\u0435\u0440\u044b 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