{"id":584,"date":"2019-02-16T00:35:06","date_gmt":"2019-02-15T21:35:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/metallsmaster.ru\/?p=584"},"modified":"2020-11-02T11:39:40","modified_gmt":"2020-11-02T08:39:40","slug":"termomexanicheskaya-svarka-korotko-o-glavnom","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/fr\/le-soudage-thermomecanique-en-bref\/","title":{"rendered":"Soudage thermom\u00e9canique : un bref aper\u00e7u"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00c0 <strong>thermom\u00e9canique<\/strong> Le soudage fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence aux types de processus dans lesquels la pression est utilis\u00e9e avec l&#039;\u00e9nergie thermique. <strong>Thermom\u00e9canique<\/strong> Le soudage permet d&#039;\u00e9tablir une liaison interatomique forte entre deux m\u00e9taux, avec un chauffage local, ce qui permet d&#039;assembler les pi\u00e8ces de mani\u00e8re fiable.<\/p>\n<h2>Soudage thermom\u00e9canique, m\u00e9thodes et types<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Soudage thermom\u00e9canique<\/strong> dispose de plusieurs fa\u00e7ons d&#039;assembler le m\u00e9tal :<\/p>\n<p>1. Le soudage par forge est la plus ancienne m\u00e9thode d&#039;assemblage des m\u00e9taux. Il consiste \u00e0 chauffer intens\u00e9ment un m\u00e9tal et \u00e0 le souder \u00e0 un autre par formation de liaisons interatomiques lors d&#039;une d\u00e9formation plastique \u00e0 l&#039;aide d&#039;un marteau de forge.<\/p>\n\n\t<!--<div class='top-banner-pages'>\t\n\n\t<\/div>--->\n\t\n<p>2. Le soudage par r\u00e9sistance implique des processus s\u00e9quentiels\u00a0: chauffage des pi\u00e8ces soud\u00e9es jusqu&#039;\u00e0 leur \u00e9lasticit\u00e9 et d\u00e9formation plastique mutuelle. Ce type de soudage peut \u00eatre\u00a0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>indiquer;<\/li>\n<li>bout;<\/li>\n<li>relief;<\/li>\n<li>suture.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Soudage par points. Pour plus de commodit\u00e9, la pi\u00e8ce est serr\u00e9e dans des pinces sp\u00e9ciales ou les \u00e9lectrodes d&#039;une machine \u00e0 souder. Un courant \u00e9lev\u00e9 est ensuite transmis entre les \u00e9lectrodes pour chauffer le m\u00e9tal au point de soudure jusqu&#039;\u00e0 son point de fusion. Le courant est coup\u00e9 et le forgeage est appliqu\u00e9 en augmentant la force de compression des \u00e9lectrodes. Un joint tr\u00e8s r\u00e9sistant se forme, le m\u00e9tal cristallise et la liaison est compl\u00e8te.<\/p>\n<p>Soudure bout \u00e0 bout. Pour plus de fiabilit\u00e9 et de r\u00e9sistance, la soudure est r\u00e9alis\u00e9e sur tout le plan de contact. <strong>Soudage thermom\u00e9canique<\/strong> De cette fa\u00e7on, vous pouvez faire :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>soudage par \u00e9tincelage continu;<\/li>\n<li>soudage par r\u00e9sistance.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<!---<div class='top-banner-pages'>\n\n<\/div>-->\n\n\t\n<p>Dans le premier cas, le proc\u00e9d\u00e9 comprend une \u00e9tape de fusion et de refoulement. Les pi\u00e8ces sont serr\u00e9es dans les pinces de la machine, puis le courant est mis sous tension et elles sont lentement rapproch\u00e9es. Pendant la fusion, les extr\u00e9mit\u00e9s des pi\u00e8ces se touchent en un ou plusieurs points, formant des ponts aux points de contact qui s&#039;\u00e9vaporent et explosent imm\u00e9diatement. L&#039;explosion projette de fines gouttelettes de m\u00e9tal et de la vapeur. Ces vapeurs servent d&#039;atmosph\u00e8re protectrice pour r\u00e9duire l&#039;oxydation du m\u00e9tal. \u00c0 mesure que les pi\u00e8ces se rapprochent, des explosions similaires se produisent, chauffant la pi\u00e8ce en profondeur et la liant progressivement. Cette m\u00e9thode r\u00e9duit le temps de refoulement. Lors du refoulement, il est n\u00e9cessaire d&#039;augmenter la vitesse de rapprochement des pi\u00e8ces. La d\u00e9formation plastique se produit selon une tol\u00e9rance sp\u00e9cifi\u00e9e. Ce processus est instantan\u00e9. <strong>Soudage thermom\u00e9canique<\/strong> Le soudage par r\u00e9sistance consiste \u00e0 faire passer un courant \u00e9lectrique \u00e0 travers des pi\u00e8ces fortement press\u00e9es, puis \u00e0 les chauffer dans la zone de soudage jusqu&#039;\u00e0 leur plastification, ce qui provoque le refoulement. Le courant est coup\u00e9 jusqu&#039;\u00e0 ce que le refoulement soit termin\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Soudage en relief. Un relief est pr\u00e9alablement cr\u00e9\u00e9 sur la pi\u00e8ce, cr\u00e9ant des zones en relief. Apr\u00e8s le passage du courant, ces zones fondent, provoquant une d\u00e9formation plastique, et les pi\u00e8ces sont press\u00e9es l&#039;une contre l&#039;autre. Apr\u00e8s l&#039;application du courant de soudage, le joint cristallise.<\/p>\n<p>Soudage par cordon. \u00c9galement appel\u00e9 soudage au rouleau, ce proc\u00e9d\u00e9 consiste \u00e0 assembler des pi\u00e8ces \u00e0 l&#039;aide d&#039;un cordon constitu\u00e9 d&#039;une s\u00e9rie de points de soudure formant un joint herm\u00e9tique.<\/p>\n<p>3. Soudage par diffusion. <strong>Soudage thermom\u00e9canique<\/strong> s&#039;effectue par diffusion, c&#039;est-\u00e0-dire p\u00e9n\u00e9tration des atomes des m\u00e9taux connect\u00e9s les uns aux autres \u00e0 des temp\u00e9ratures \u00e9lev\u00e9es (800<sup>0<\/sup>C). Cela n\u00e9cessite un syst\u00e8me sous vide avec gaz de protection. Cette m\u00e9thode peut \u00eatre utilis\u00e9e pour souder des m\u00e9taux diff\u00e9rents.<\/p>\n<h2>Soudage thermom\u00e9canique des m\u00e9taux<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Soudage thermom\u00e9canique des m\u00e9taux<\/strong> Il est \u00e9galement utilis\u00e9 de diverses mani\u00e8res pour assurer une liaison solide entre les produits m\u00e9talliques. Avantages <strong>soudage thermom\u00e9canique des m\u00e9taux<\/strong> sont d\u00e9termin\u00e9s par le type de soudage. Par exemple, le soudage par diffusion\u00a0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>diff\u00e9rents types de m\u00e9taux sont soud\u00e9s ;<\/li>\n<li>\u00e9paisseur diff\u00e9rente;<\/li>\n<li>coutures r\u00e9guli\u00e8res;<\/li>\n<li>faible consommation d&#039;\u00e9nergie.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Soudage par contact :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>vitesse de soudage;<\/li>\n<li>force;<\/li>\n<li>respectueux de l&#039;environnement.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Soudage thermom\u00e9canique des m\u00e9taux<\/strong> Il est largement utilis\u00e9 dans divers domaines de l&#039;ing\u00e9nierie m\u00e9canique, de l&#039;industrie automobile, de la fabrication d&#039;instruments et autres.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-585 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/\u0422\u0435\u0440\u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f-\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0430.jpg\" alt=\"Soudage thermom\u00e9canique\" width=\"720\" height=\"540\" srcset=\"https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/\u0422\u0435\u0440\u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f-\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0430.jpg 720w, https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/\u0422\u0435\u0440\u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f-\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0430-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/\u0422\u0435\u0440\u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f-\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0430-254x190.jpg 254w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le soudage thermom\u00e9canique fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence aux types de processus dans lesquels la pression est utilis\u00e9e en conjonction avec\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":586,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-584","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-svarka-metallov"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.1.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0422\u0435\u0440\u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0432\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430, \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u0438 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" 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