{"id":600,"date":"2019-02-20T12:56:03","date_gmt":"2019-02-20T09:56:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/metallsmaster.ru\/?p=600"},"modified":"2020-11-02T11:38:01","modified_gmt":"2020-11-02T08:38:01","slug":"termitnaya-svarka-s-davleniem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/fr\/soudage-aluminothermique-assiste-par-pression\/","title":{"rendered":"Soudage sous pression aluminothermique"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Le soudage est une m\u00e9thode unique d&#039;assemblage de m\u00e9taux au niveau interatomique, permettant la fusion de pi\u00e8ces. Il existe diff\u00e9rentes m\u00e9thodes pour y parvenir, dont l&#039;une est <strong>soudage aluminothermique sous pression<\/strong>Le soudage aluminothermique consiste \u00e0 chauffer le m\u00e9tal \u00e0 souder avec de la thermite, un m\u00e9lange pulv\u00e9rulent de magn\u00e9sium ou d&#039;aluminium et de fer. Le rapport aluminium\/oxyde de fer est de 37%, avec une quantit\u00e9 plus importante si n\u00e9cessaire. Ces m\u00e9taux d\u00e9gagent une chaleur importante lors de l&#039;inflammation, et le fer sert de source d&#039;oxyg\u00e8ne.<\/p>\n<p>Un m\u00e9lange de thermite chauff\u00e9e est vers\u00e9 dans l&#039;espace \u00e0 souder et maintenu pendant un certain temps, durant lequel les m\u00e9taux recristallisent. <strong>Soudage sous pression aluminothermique<\/strong> Assure une connexion m\u00e9tallique tr\u00e8s solide, capable de supporter de lourdes charges. Ce type de soudage est utilis\u00e9 avec succ\u00e8s pour assembler des composants en fonte et en acier, comme les rails de chemin de fer, pour r\u00e9parer les fissures et les tuyaux, et pour souder les surfaces lors des r\u00e9parations de voies. Il est \u00e9galement utilis\u00e9 pour raccorder les conducteurs en aluminium aux lignes \u00e9lectriques.<\/p>\n\n\t<!--<div class='top-banner-pages'>\t\n\n\t<\/div>--->\n\t\n<h2>Technologie de soudage aluminothermique<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Technologie de soudage aluminothermique<\/strong> se d\u00e9roule comme suit :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>la surface \u00e0 souder est soigneusement nettoy\u00e9e et pr\u00e9par\u00e9e pour un assemblage pr\u00e9cis ;<\/li>\n<li>Le moule est rempli de mat\u00e9riau r\u00e9fractaire et fix\u00e9 avec des brides. Il doit \u00eatre sec et exempt d&#039;humidit\u00e9.<\/li>\n<li>le radiateur chauffe la jonction m\u00e9tallique \u00e0 900 degr\u00e9s Celsius ;<\/li>\n<li>apr\u00e8s chauffage pr\u00e9liminaire, le creuset contenant la thermite est connect\u00e9 ;<\/li>\n<li>la thermite est enflamm\u00e9e par un m\u00e9lange d&#039;allumage ;<\/li>\n<li>La thermite chauff\u00e9e \u00e0 3 500 degr\u00e9s est vers\u00e9e dans un moule pr\u00e9par\u00e9, remplissant compl\u00e8tement l&#039;espace entre les pi\u00e8ces, assurant une connexion fiable ;<\/li>\n<li>Apr\u00e8s quelques minutes, le moule est bris\u00e9 et le cordon de soudure est nettoy\u00e9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<!---<div class='top-banner-pages'>\n\n<\/div>-->\n\n\t\n<p>Tel <strong>technologie de soudage aluminothermique<\/strong> Cela permet d&#039;obtenir de meilleurs r\u00e9sultats d&#039;assemblage des m\u00e9taux. La thermite peut \u00eatre enrichie en ferrosilicium et en ferromangan\u00e8se, ce qui am\u00e9liore sa composition chimique, renforce ses propri\u00e9t\u00e9s m\u00e9caniques et favorise la d\u00e9soxydation. Pour augmenter le rendement du m\u00e9lange de thermite, on ajoute g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement du fer fin \u00e0 une concentration d&#039;environ 10-151 TP3T du poids du m\u00e9lange. <strong>Technologie de soudage aluminothermique<\/strong> La thermite d&#039;aluminium est utilis\u00e9e de trois mani\u00e8res :<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>En fondant ;<\/li>\n<li>Pression;<\/li>\n<li>Combin\u00e9.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Il existe de nombreuses similitudes entre ces m\u00e9thodes. La m\u00e9thode combin\u00e9e est utilis\u00e9e pour le soudage des rails.<\/p>\n<p>Le soudage aluminothermique au magn\u00e9sium s&#039;effectue par fusion d&#039;oxyde de magn\u00e9sium (28\u00a0000 \u00b0C). Il est utilis\u00e9 pour le soudage des fils t\u00e9l\u00e9phoniques et t\u00e9l\u00e9graphiques en acier des lignes a\u00e9riennes de communication.<\/p>\n<h2>Formation au soudage aluminothermique<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Formation au soudage aluminothermique<\/strong> Comprend la compr\u00e9hension des techniques d&#039;assemblage des m\u00e9taux et de l&#039;essence du proc\u00e9d\u00e9 technologique. De nombreuses personnes se forment en autodidacte principalement pour apprendre \u00e0 souder correctement le fil, ce qui n\u00e9cessite\u00a0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>pr\u00e9parer un appareil pour souder PTSP, v\u00e9rificateurs thermiques, cartouches thermiques PAS - de grade 70 \u00e0 300, allumettes thermite, amiante ;<\/li>\n<li>des pinces \u00e0 souder sp\u00e9ciales sont pr\u00e9par\u00e9es pour la taille requise du fil qui sera soud\u00e9 ;<\/li>\n<li>les extr\u00e9mit\u00e9s de ce fil sont ins\u00e9r\u00e9es dans les tubes de la cartouche thermite jusqu&#039;\u00e0 ce que l&#039;insert s&#039;arr\u00eate ;<\/li>\n<li>le tube de la cartouche de thermite est scell\u00e9 avec quatre tours d&#039;amiante pour emp\u00eacher le m\u00e9tal en fusion de fuir ;<\/li>\n<li>les fils sont serr\u00e9s et fix\u00e9s ;<\/li>\n<li>tout est pr\u00eat, l&#039;allumette thermite est utilis\u00e9e pour allumer la cartouche thermique, qui est ensuite ferm\u00e9e par un bo\u00eetier ;<\/li>\n<li>apr\u00e8s 1 ou 2 minutes les pinces se contractent et les fils se rapprochent ;<\/li>\n<li>lorsque le fil a refroidi, le laitier est retir\u00e9 et le mandrin chauffant est lib\u00e9r\u00e9 ;<\/li>\n<li>La qualit\u00e9 de la soudure est contr\u00f4l\u00e9e en termes de br\u00fblure et de pliage.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Formation au soudage aluminothermique<\/strong> n\u00e9cessite un travail manuel, ce qui donne confiance lors de l&#039;utilisation de ce type de soudure.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-602 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/\u0422\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f-\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0430-\u0441-\u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c-\u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430.webp\" alt=\"Sch\u00e9ma de soudage aluminothermique sous pression\" width=\"600\" height=\"317\" srcset=\"https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/\u0422\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f-\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0430-\u0441-\u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c-\u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430.webp 600w, https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/\u0422\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f-\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0430-\u0441-\u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c-\u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430-300x159.webp 300w, https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/\u0422\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f-\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0430-\u0441-\u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c-\u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430-254x134.webp 254w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le proc\u00e9d\u00e9 de soudage est une mani\u00e8re unique d\u2019assembler des m\u00e9taux au niveau interatomique, permettant aux pi\u00e8ces de fusionner ensemble\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":601,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-600","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-svarka-metallov"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.1.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0422\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0432\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u0441 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c, \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043f\u044b \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f, 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