{"id":68,"date":"2017-12-26T09:08:40","date_gmt":"2017-12-26T06:08:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/metallsmaster.ru\/?p=68"},"modified":"2021-08-21T12:37:35","modified_gmt":"2021-08-21T09:37:35","slug":"chugun-litejnyj","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/fr\/fonte-3\/","title":{"rendered":"Fonte de fonderie"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Fonte de fonderie <\/strong>\u2014 est un alliage de fer contenant du silicium et du carbone, ainsi que des impuret\u00e9s omnipr\u00e9sentes comme le mangan\u00e8se, le phosphore et le soufre. Le carbone du mat\u00e9riau est enti\u00e8rement sous forme de graphite, formant une plaque. Cette fonte pr\u00e9sente une couleur grise \u00e0 la fracture, et le facteur de couleur est influenc\u00e9 par la teneur en graphite de l&#039;alliage. <strong>fonte <\/strong>On l&#039;appelle gris, donc la \/fonte grise\/ et la fonte sont pratiquement le m\u00eame alliage.<\/p>\n<p>Ce m\u00e9tal est un alliage essentiel en g\u00e9nie m\u00e9canique. La fonte grise est appel\u00e9e \u00ab\u00a0fonte de fonderie\u00a0\u00bb en raison de ses excellentes propri\u00e9t\u00e9s de coulage\u00a0; elle pr\u00e9sente une bonne fluidit\u00e9 et remplit donc bien les moules.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Si vous cherchez un bon endroit pour vendre de la fonte, nous vous recommandons de v\u00e9rifier les prix actuels de la ferraille de fonte sur ce lien\u00a0:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/citylom.ru\/priem-chuguna\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/citylom.ru\/priem-chuguna&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1629624898245000&amp;usg=AFQjCNGeBnBUKsyTSx_Lzgi66896-s8Nlg\">https:\/\/citylom.ru\/priem-<wbr \/>fonte<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2>Composition de la fonte<\/h2>\n\n\t<!--<div class='top-banner-pages'>\t\n\n\t<\/div>--->\n\t\n<p><strong>Composition chimique de la fonte<\/strong> Affecte la qualit\u00e9 des pi\u00e8ces moul\u00e9es. Le carbone, pr\u00e9sent dans la fonte sous forme de graphite, de carbure et de carbone de revenu, a un impact consid\u00e9rable. En grande quantit\u00e9, le graphite a pour effet de desserrer la fonte et de la ramollir. Lorsque la concentration en graphite d\u00e9passe 2,5%, la r\u00e9sistance et la t\u00e9nacit\u00e9 du m\u00e9tal diminuent. Par cons\u00e9quent, l&#039;alliage devient impropre \u00e0 la coul\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p>Le silicium d\u00e9place le carbone de sa liaison fer, ce qui entra\u00eene la formation de graphite. Une teneur \u00e9lev\u00e9e en silicium pr\u00e9vient la saturation du carbone. <strong>Composition de la fonte <\/strong>Le mangan\u00e8se, qui contient du mangan\u00e8se, tire certaines de ses propri\u00e9t\u00e9s de cette inclusion. Le mangan\u00e8se augmente la duret\u00e9, mais fragilise la pi\u00e8ce moul\u00e9e, la rendant ainsi une impuret\u00e9 inutile. Cependant, cet \u00e9l\u00e9ment prot\u00e8ge le fer et les autres impuret\u00e9s de l&#039;oxydation.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Composition chimique de la fonte <\/strong>Il contient \u00e9galement du phosphore, un \u00e9l\u00e9ment essentiel pour conf\u00e9rer \u00e0 l&#039;alliage des qualit\u00e9s et propri\u00e9t\u00e9s sp\u00e9cifiques. Il conf\u00e8re \u00e0 la fonte une duret\u00e9 exceptionnelle tout en r\u00e9duisant son \u00e9lasticit\u00e9 et sa t\u00e9nacit\u00e9 inutile. Pour une r\u00e9sistance suffisante de la fonte, une teneur en phosphore ne doit pas d\u00e9passer 0,31 Tp3T. Le phosphore am\u00e9liore la fusibilit\u00e9 de la fonte, permettant une coul\u00e9e plus pr\u00e9cise et une surface plus lisse. Le soufre pr\u00e9vient la saturation en carbone et ralentit la formation de graphite.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Composition de la fonte, <\/strong>Le fer contenant du soufre peut perdre une partie de sa fusibilit\u00e9. Une teneur \u00e9lev\u00e9e en soufre le rend \u00e9pais et donc difficile \u00e0 remplir dans les moules. Par cons\u00e9quent, les mat\u00e9riaux \u00e0 forte teneur en soufre ne sont pas utilis\u00e9s pour la coul\u00e9e mince. La composition chimique de la pi\u00e8ce finie d\u00e9pend de la composition initiale du fer.<\/p>\n<h3>\n<!---<div class='top-banner-pages'>\n\n<\/div>-->\n\n\t<\/h3>\n<h3>Propri\u00e9t\u00e9s de la fonte<\/h3>\n<p>Principal <strong>propri\u00e9t\u00e9s de la fonte - <\/strong>Bonnes propri\u00e9t\u00e9s de moulage, fluidit\u00e9 et faible retrait volum\u00e9trique. Les pi\u00e8ces fabriqu\u00e9es avec ce m\u00e9tal sont insensibles aux contraintes externes sous charges p\u00e9riodiques, et leur absorption des vibrations, en cas de fortes vibrations, est 2 \u00e0 4 fois sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 celle de l&#039;acier. \u00c9galement gr\u00e2ce au graphite. <strong>propri\u00e9t\u00e9s de la fonte <\/strong>Ils pr\u00e9sentent de bonnes propri\u00e9t\u00e9s antifriction, ce qui am\u00e9liore les performances de la pi\u00e8ce. Cependant, les inclusions de graphite pr\u00e9sentes dans l&#039;alliage le rendent cassant. Ces inclusions ressemblent \u00e0 de nombreuses entailles dans le m\u00e9tal coul\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>Le nickel, en tant qu\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9ment d\u2019alliage, a un bon effet sur <strong>propri\u00e9t\u00e9s de la fonte<\/strong>Il am\u00e9liore la r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la corrosion et optimise la mise en \u0153uvre des alliages. Le cuivre graphitise le carbone, augmentant ainsi significativement la fluidit\u00e9, la r\u00e9sistance et la duret\u00e9 du m\u00e9tal. Le point de fusion d\u00e9pend de la composition chimique du mat\u00e9riau et peut varier de 1\u00a0130 \u00e0 1\u00a0350 \u00b0C.<\/p>\n<p>Marquages principaux selon GOST pour la fonte :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>L1, L2, L3, L4, L5,<\/li>\n<li>L6, LR1, LR2, LR3, LR4,<\/li>\n<li>LR5, LR6, LR7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-69 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/1983039.jpg\" alt=\"fonte de fonderie\" width=\"1000\" height=\"664\" srcset=\"https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/1983039.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/1983039-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/1983039-768x510.jpg 768w, https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/1983039-254x169.jpg 254w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La fonte est un alliage de fer qui contient du silicium et du carbone, et\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":69,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-68","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-metalls"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.1.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0427\u0443\u0433\u0443\u043d \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0439, \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432, \u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438, 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