{"id":133,"date":"2017-12-30T00:12:56","date_gmt":"2017-12-29T21:12:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/metallsmaster.ru\/?p=133"},"modified":"2020-11-02T12:05:11","modified_gmt":"2020-11-02T09:05:11","slug":"iridij","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/pt\/iridij\/","title":{"rendered":"Ir\u00eddio"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>No in\u00edcio do s\u00e9culo XIX, o elemento qu\u00edmico foi descoberto <strong>ir\u00eddio, <\/strong>Tabela peri\u00f3dica de Mendeleev com n\u00famero at\u00f4mico 77. \u00c9 um metal muito duro, branco-prateado, com alta refratariedade e densidade. Sua alta resist\u00eancia \u00e0 corros\u00e3o em temperaturas de 2000 \u00b0C tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 impressionante.<sup>0<\/sup>S. Esses par\u00e2metros os tornaram famosos <strong>ir\u00eddio, <\/strong>e encontra aplica\u00e7\u00e3o especial em diferentes campos.<\/p>\n<p>Em grego, ir\u00eddio significa literalmente arco-\u00edris. Sua ocorr\u00eancia na crosta terrestre \u00e9 muito baixa. O ir\u00eddio \u00e9 um metal raro; ouro e platina s\u00e3o mais comuns. Sua principal fonte \u00e9 o res\u00edduo da produ\u00e7\u00e3o de cobre-n\u00edquel \u2014 lodo an\u00f3dico. Existem v\u00e1rios outros m\u00e9todos para obt\u00ea-lo. <strong>metal ir\u00eddio, <\/strong>que envolvem processos de engenharia qu\u00edmica muito complexos. Esses m\u00e9todos de produ\u00e7\u00e3o desse metal s\u00e3o bastante caros e, consequentemente, muito custosos.<\/p>\n<h2>\n\t<!--<div class='top-banner-pages'>\t\n\n\t<\/div>--->\n\t<\/h2>\n<h2>Propriedades do ir\u00eddio<\/h2>\n<p>F\u00edsico <strong>propriedades do ir\u00eddio <\/strong>s\u00e3o bastante impressionantes. \u00c9 um metal muito duro e pesado, dif\u00edcil de usinar. Seu ponto de fus\u00e3o \u00e9 2466<sup>0<\/sup>C, tem um ponto de ebuli\u00e7\u00e3o bastante alto de 4428<sup>0<\/sup>C. Sua dureza \u00e9 determinada pela sua densidade - 22,65 g\/cm<sup>3<\/sup>\u00c9 est\u00e1vel em temperaturas de at\u00e9 100\u00b0C e \u00e9 aquecido em temperaturas normais.<sup>0<\/sup>N\u00e3o reage com todos os \u00e1cidos conhecidos. Na presen\u00e7a de cloretos de metais alcalinos a uma temperatura de 600-900<sup>0<\/sup>O p\u00f3 de ir\u00eddio pode ser dissolvido por clora\u00e7\u00e3o. Ele reage com F<sub>2,<\/sub> quando a temperatura atinge 450<sup>0<\/sup>COM. <strong>Propriedades do ir\u00eddio <\/strong>n\u00e3o desempenha nenhum papel biol\u00f3gico, n\u00e3o \u00e9 um metal t\u00f3xico, embora alguns de seus compostos sejam muito venenosos.<\/p>\n<p>Indicadores de ir\u00eddio:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ligas de ir\u00eddio com tungst\u00eanio e t\u00f3rio s\u00e3o usadas como metal para geradores termoel\u00e9tricos; com outros metais, s\u00e3o usadas para fazer tanques de combust\u00edvel para espa\u00e7onaves, termopares e c\u00e1todos termi\u00f4nicos;<\/li>\n<li>na ind\u00fastria automotiva s\u00e3o utilizados em velas de igni\u00e7\u00e3o, o que permite seu uso por muito tempo, apesar de serem caros;<\/li>\n<li>encontra sua aplica\u00e7\u00e3o na produ\u00e7\u00e3o de canetas-tinteiro, em pontas de ouro;<\/li>\n<li>O ir\u00eddio-192 \u00e9 usado com sucesso na detec\u00e7\u00e3o de falhas, onde fontes geradoras n\u00e3o podem ser usadas, por exemplo, em ambientes explosivos;<\/li>\n<li>\u00c9 interessante que o padr\u00e3o do quilograma seja feito de ir\u00eddio, j\u00e1 que a liga de ir\u00eddio e platina tem resist\u00eancia mec\u00e2nica e n\u00e3o oxida;<\/li>\n<li>\u00c9 usado na ind\u00fastria de joias, mas o pre\u00e7o dessas joias \u00e9 incrivelmente alto;<\/li>\n<li>cadinhos de laborat\u00f3rio s\u00e3o feitos para conduzir experimentos com fl\u00faor e seus compostos agressivos;<\/li>\n<li>Eles fabricam matrizes de sopro de vidro de alta resist\u00eancia e resistentes ao calor.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\n<!---<div class='top-banner-pages'>\n\n<\/div>-->\n\n\t<\/h3>\n<h3>Pre\u00e7o do ir\u00eddio<\/h3>\n<p>A minera\u00e7\u00e3o de ir\u00eddio \u00e9 um processo muito complexo e trabalhoso, com uma produ\u00e7\u00e3o anual de at\u00e9 3 toneladas, um valor muito baixo em compara\u00e7\u00e3o com outros metais preciosos. Seus pre\u00e7os oscilam periodicamente. <strong>Pre\u00e7o do ir\u00eddio <\/strong>35 d\u00f3lares americanos por grama. Em 2009, era 200 d\u00f3lares americanos por grama. <strong>Pre\u00e7o do ir\u00eddio <\/strong>Em 2016, era de 32$ por grama. O ir\u00eddio justifica, com raz\u00e3o, seu lugar como um metal precioso digno de respeito.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-134 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/iridium_3.webp\" alt=\"ir\u00eddio\" width=\"381\" height=\"343\" srcset=\"https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/iridium_3.webp 381w, https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/iridium_3-300x270.webp 300w, https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/iridium_3-211x190.webp 211w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 381px) 100vw, 381px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-135 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/irid3.webp\" alt=\"pre\u00e7o do ir\u00eddio\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/irid3.webp 600w, https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/irid3-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/irid3-254x169.webp 254w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>No in\u00edcio do s\u00e9culo XIX, o elemento qu\u00edmico ir\u00eddio foi descoberto na tabela peri\u00f3dica de D.I. Mendeleev\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":134,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-133","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blagorodnye-metally"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.1.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u044f, \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0430, \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c.\" 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