{"id":872,"date":"2019-04-20T13:59:44","date_gmt":"2019-04-20T10:59:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/metallsmaster.ru\/?p=872"},"modified":"2020-11-02T09:57:59","modified_gmt":"2020-11-02T06:57:59","slug":"rodij","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/pt\/rodij\/","title":{"rendered":"R\u00f3dio: que tipo de metal \u00e9, suas qualidades, propriedades e caracter\u00edsticas"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>O r\u00f3dio \u00e9 uma subst\u00e2ncia simples, um metal de transi\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00f3lido, o que significa que seus n\u00edveis de energia eletr\u00f4nica dispon\u00edveis s\u00e3o ocupados de tal forma que a banda d possui o menor n\u00famero poss\u00edvel de el\u00e9trons, 10 por \u00e1tomo. Possui cor branco-prateada e pertence ao grupo da platina, um metal nobre.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-873 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/\u0420\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0439-\u0441\u0445\u043c\u0430.jpg\" alt=\"Diagrama de r\u00f3dio\" width=\"343\" height=\"147\" srcset=\"https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/\u0420\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0439-\u0441\u0445\u043c\u0430.jpg 343w, https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/\u0420\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0439-\u0441\u0445\u043c\u0430-300x129.jpg 300w, https:\/\/metallsmaster.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/\u0420\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0439-\u0441\u0445\u043c\u0430-254x109.jpg 254w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 343px) 100vw, 343px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>O r\u00f3dio \u00e9 um elemento menor no oitavo grupo do quinto per\u00edodo da tabela dos elementos qu\u00edmicos de Mendeleev. Este metal foi descoberto h\u00e1 relativamente pouco tempo, em 1803, por William Wollaston, em uma mina enquanto trabalhava com platina nativa. O r\u00f3dio \u00e9 um elemento muito raro e disperso; sua abund\u00e2ncia \u00e9 bastante alta em rochas \u00edgneas ultram\u00e1ficas. Ele n\u00e3o existe como um mineral terrestre distinto. O r\u00f3dio pode ser encontrado nas areias aur\u00edferas da Am\u00e9rica do Sul, bem como em min\u00e9rios de platina e n\u00edquel, que s\u00e3o encontrados l\u00e1 como um \u00fanico composto.<\/p>\n\n\t<!--<div class='top-banner-pages'>\t\n\n\t<\/div>--->\n\t\n<h2>Propriedades do r\u00f3dio<\/h2>\n<p>O r\u00f3dio possui propriedades muito boas para um metal com ampla gama de aplica\u00e7\u00f5es. Entre suas propriedades f\u00edsicas, o r\u00f3dio possui alta refletividade da radia\u00e7\u00e3o eletromagn\u00e9tica vis\u00edvel. Isso permite que seja usado para fazer os chamados espelhos de &quot;superf\u00edcie&quot;. A densidade do r\u00f3dio \u00e9 de 12,41 g\/cm\u00b3. Devido \u00e0 sua alta densidade, possui um ponto de fus\u00e3o elevado de 2239 K e um ponto de ebuli\u00e7\u00e3o de 4000 K.<\/p>\n<p>Em suas propriedades qu\u00edmicas, o metal nobre r\u00f3dio supera a platina por uma larga margem. O r\u00f3dio met\u00e1lico dissolve-se em \u00e1gua r\u00e9gia ap\u00f3s ebuli\u00e7\u00e3o, em \u00e1cido sulf\u00farico concentrado suficientemente aquecido e em uma mistura de \u00e1cido sulf\u00farico e per\u00f3xido de hidrog\u00eanio. O r\u00f3dio \u00e9 altamente est\u00e1vel quimicamente. Sua rea\u00e7\u00e3o com n\u00e3o metais ocorre ao rubro. A oxida\u00e7\u00e3o lenta do r\u00f3dio finamente mo\u00eddo ocorre em temperaturas acima de 6000 \u00b0C. A rea\u00e7\u00e3o com \u00e1cido sulf\u00farico concentrado ocorre ap\u00f3s aquecimento lento e com uma solu\u00e7\u00e3o de hidrog\u00eanio e hipoclorito de s\u00f3dio.<\/p>\n\n<!---<div class='top-banner-pages'>\n\n<\/div>-->\n\n\t\n<h3>R\u00f3dio met\u00e1lico, suas propriedades, caracter\u00edsticas e composi\u00e7\u00e3o<\/h3>\n<p>O r\u00f3dio met\u00e1lico serve como um excelente catalisador, por exemplo, em conversores catal\u00edticos usados em sistemas de escapamento de autom\u00f3veis. E uma liga de r\u00f3dio-platina \u00e9 um excelente catalisador para a produ\u00e7\u00e3o de \u00e1cido n\u00edtrico pela oxida\u00e7\u00e3o de am\u00f4nia com o ar.<\/p>\n<p>O r\u00f3dio \u00e9 um excelente material estrutural, utilizado com sucesso na produ\u00e7\u00e3o de vidro. Especificamente, a liga de platina-r\u00f3dio \u00e9 usada como fieira para filamentos de vidro em displays de cristal l\u00edquido. O r\u00f3dio met\u00e1lico \u00e9 usado para produzir espelhos sujeitos a altas temperaturas para sistemas de laser de alta pot\u00eancia. Cadinhos feitos de ligas de platina-r\u00f3dio s\u00e3o usados para o crescimento de certas pedras preciosas e cristais eletro-\u00f3pticos. A alta resist\u00eancia do r\u00f3dio \u00e0 eros\u00e3o el\u00e9trica permite que ele seja usado como material de contato (conectores, contatos deslizantes).<\/p>\n<p>O r\u00f3dio desempenha um papel vital na ind\u00fastria nuclear, onde \u00e9 usado na fabrica\u00e7\u00e3o de detectores para medir o fluxo de n\u00eautrons. O r\u00f3dio tamb\u00e9m fica lindo em joias. Seu brilho branco e frio complementa diamantes, zirc\u00f4nias c\u00fabicas e outras pedras. Tamb\u00e9m serve como um valioso elemento de liga, endurecendo ligas, reduzindo o desgaste e conferindo um brilho intenso. A import\u00e2ncia do r\u00f3dio \u00e9 significativa em muitas \u00e1reas.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>O r\u00f3dio \u00e9 uma subst\u00e2ncia simples, um metal de transi\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00f3lido, o que significa que tem energia eletr\u00f4nica acess\u00edvel\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":874,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-872","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blagorodnye-metally"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.1.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0424\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u044f. \u0421\u0444\u0435\u0440\u044b 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